如何成功搭建OpenStack的安装环境?

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OpenStack安装环境搭建教程

环境要求

1、硬件环境:需要三台虚拟机,配置如下:

节点类型 CPU 内存 硬盘 IP地址 操作系统
控制节点 4核 8GB 20GB 192.168.44.3 CentOS7
计算节点 2核 4GB 20GB 192.168.44.4/5 CentOS7

2、网络要求:至少一套网络,使用Vmware虚拟机的网络即可。

3、操作系统:推荐使用CentOS7,OpenStack开源版本均支持大部分开源操作系统,如CentOS、Ubuntu、SUSE等。

前置操作

1、关闭防火墙和SELinux

在三台虚拟机上执行以下命令:

“`bash

systemctlstopfirewalld&&systemctldisablefirewalld

vim/etc/selinux/config

#将SELINUX=enforcing改为disabled

setenforce0

reboot

“`

2、配置主机名和hosts文件

在每台虚拟机上执行以下命令:

“`bash

hostnamectlset-hostname–prettycontroller

hostnamectlset-hostname–staticcontroller

hostnamectlset-hostname–transientcontroller

vi/etc/hosts

#添加以下内容:

192.168.44.3controller

192.168.44.4compute1

192.168.44.5compute2

“`

3、安装OpenStack及Ceph的yum源

能连接外网的情况下:

“`bash

yuminstallcentos-release-openstack-train

yumcleanall&&yummakecache

“`

如果无法上网,从http://mirror.centos.org/下载源包并配置本地源。

4、配置时间同步服务ntpd

在控制节点上执行:

“`bash

yum-yinstallntp

systemctlstartntpd

systemctlenablentpd

ntpdatentp1.aliyun.com

“`

OpenStack组件安装步骤

1、安装RabbitMQ

在控制节点上执行:

“`bash

yuminstallrabbitmq-server-y

systemctlenablerabbitmq-server.service

systemctlstartrabbitmq-server.service

rabbitmqctladd_useropenstackRABBIT_PASS

rabbitmqctlset_permissionsopenstack".*"".*"".*"

rabbitmq-pluginsenablerabbitmq_management

“`

安装OpenStack客户端:

“`bash

yuminstallpython-openstackclientopenstack-selinux-y

“`

2、安装Etcd

在控制节点上执行:

“`bash

yuminstalletcd-y

vi/etc/etcd/etcd.conf

#编辑配置文件…

systemctlenableetcd

systemctlstartetcd

“`

3、安装Memcached

在控制节点上执行:

“`bash

yuminstallmemcachedpython-memcached-y

vi/etc/sysconfig/memcached

#添加OPTIONS="-l127.0.0.1,::1,controller"

systemctlenablememcached.service

systemctlstartmemcached.service

“`

4、安装MySQL

在控制节点上执行:

“`bash

yuminstallmariadbmariadb-serverpython2-PyMySQL-y

systemctlenablemariadb.service

systemctlstartmariadb.service

mysql_secure_installation

“`

5、安装Keystone

在控制节点上执行:

“`bash

yuminstallopenstack-keystonehttpdmod_wsgi-y

vi/etc/keystone/keystone.conf

#配置数据库连接信息…

systemctlenablehttpd.service

systemctlstarthttpd.service

systemctlenableopenstack-keystone.service

systemctlstartopenstack-keystone.service

“`

6、安装Glance

在控制节点上执行:

“`bash

yuminstallopenstack-glancehttpdmod_wsgi-y

vi/etc/glance/glance-api.conf

#配置数据库连接信息…

systemctlenablehttpd.service

systemctlstarthttpd.service

systemctlenableopenstack-glance.service

systemctlstartopenstack-glance.service

“`

7、安装Placement

在控制节点上执行:

“`bash

yuminstallopenstack-placementhttpdmod_wsgi-y

vi/etc/placement/placement.conf

#配置数据库连接信息…

systemctlenablehttpd.service

systemctlstarthttpd.service

systemctlenableopenstack-placement.service

systemctlstartopenstack-placement.service

“`

8、安装Nova

在控制节点和计算节点上执行:

“`bash

yuminstallopenstack-novahttpdmod_wsgi-y

vi/etc/nova/nova.conf

#配置数据库连接信息…

systemctlenablehttpd.service

systemctlstarthttpd.service

systemctlenableopenstack-nova-api.service

systemctlstartopenstack-nova-api.service

systemctlenableopenstack-nova-scheduler.service

systemctlstartopenstack-nova-scheduler.service

systemctlenableopenstack-nova-conductor.service

systemctlstartopenstack-nova-conductor.service

“`

在计算节点上执行:

“`bash

vi/etc/nova/nova.conf

#配置数据库连接信息…

systemctlenablelibvirtd.service

systemctlstartlibvirtd.service

systemctlenableopenstack-nova-compute.service

systemctlstartopenstack-nova-compute.service

“`

9、安装Neutron

在控制节点和计算节点上执行:

“`bash

yuminstallopenstack-neutronhttpdmod_wsgi-y

vi/etc/neutron/neutron.conf

#配置数据库连接信息…

systemctlenablehttpd.service

systemctlstarthttpd.service

systemctlenableneutron-server.service

systemctlstartneutron-server.service

systemctlenableneutron-linuxbridge-agent.service

systemctlstartneutron-linuxbridge-agent.service

systemctlenableneutron-dhcp-agent.service

systemctlstartneutron-dhcp-agent.service

systemctlenableneutron-metadata-agent.service

systemctlstartneutron-metadata-agent.service

“`

在计算节点上执行:

“`bash

vi/etc/neutron/neutron.conf

#配置数据库连接信息…

systemctlenableneutron-linuxbridge-agent.service

systemctlstartneutron-linuxbridge-agent.service

systemctlenableneutron-dhcp-agent.service

systemctlstartneutron-dhcp-agent.service

systemctlenableneutron-metadata-agent.service

systemctlstartneutron-metadata-agent.service

“`

10、安装Dashboard

在控制节点上执行:

“`bash

yuminstallopenstack-dashboardhttpdmod_wsgi-y

vi/etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings.py

#配置数据库连接信息…

systemctlenablehttpd.service

systemctlstarthttpd.service

“`

11、安装Cinder

在控制节点和计算节点上执行:

“`bash

yuminstallopenstack-cinderhttpdmod_wsgi-y

vi/etc/cinder/cinder.conf

#配置数据库连接信息…

systemctlenablehttpd.service

systemctlstarthttpd.service

systemctlenableopenstack-cinder.service

systemctlstartopenstack-cinder.service

“`

在计算节点上执行:

“`bash

vi/etc/cinder/cinder.conf

#配置数据库连接信息…

systemctlenableopenstack-cinder.service

systemctlstartopenstack-cinder.service

“`

相关问题与解答栏目

1、问题一:如果在安装过程中遇到RabbitMQ无法启动的问题,该如何解决?

解答:首先检查RabbitMQ的日志文件(通常位于/var/log/rabbitmq/目录下),查看是否有任何错误信息,常见的问题包括配置文件错误、权限问题或端口冲突,确保配置文件中的路径和权限设置正确,并且RabbitMQ正在监听正确的端口,如果问题依旧存在,可以尝试重新安装RabbitMQ或查看官方文档和支持论坛以获取更多帮助。

2、问题二:如何在OpenStack中配置NTP服务以确保所有节点的时间同步?

解答:在控制节点上安装并配置NTP服务,在每个计算节点上将其NTP服务器指向控制节点,具体步骤如下:在控制节点上执行yuminstallntp-y,编辑/etc/ntp.conf文件,添加server<控制节点IP>iburst并启动NTP服务,在每个计算节点上重复这些步骤,但将NTP服务器设置为控制节点的IP地址,重启所有节点上的NTP服务以应用更改。

以上就是关于“OpenStack安装环境搭建教程”的问题,朋友们可以点击主页了解更多内容,希望可以够帮助大家!

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