OpenStack安装环境搭建教程
环境要求
1、硬件环境:需要三台虚拟机,配置如下:
节点类型 | CPU | 内存 | 硬盘 | IP地址 | 操作系统 |
控制节点 | 4核 | 8GB | 20GB | 192.168.44.3 | CentOS7 |
计算节点 | 2核 | 4GB | 20GB | 192.168.44.4/5 | CentOS7 |
2、网络要求:至少一套网络,使用Vmware虚拟机的网络即可。
3、操作系统:推荐使用CentOS7,OpenStack开源版本均支持大部分开源操作系统,如CentOS、Ubuntu、SUSE等。
前置操作
1、关闭防火墙和SELinux:
在三台虚拟机上执行以下命令:
“`bash
systemctlstopfirewalld&&systemctldisablefirewalld
vim/etc/selinux/config
#将SELINUX=enforcing改为disabled
setenforce0
reboot
“`
2、配置主机名和hosts文件:
在每台虚拟机上执行以下命令:
“`bash
hostnamectlset-hostname–prettycontroller
hostnamectlset-hostname–staticcontroller
hostnamectlset-hostname–transientcontroller
vi/etc/hosts
#添加以下内容:
192.168.44.3controller
192.168.44.4compute1
192.168.44.5compute2
“`
3、安装OpenStack及Ceph的yum源:
能连接外网的情况下:
“`bash
yuminstallcentos-release-openstack-train
yumcleanall&&yummakecache
“`
如果无法上网,从http://mirror.centos.org/下载源包并配置本地源。
4、配置时间同步服务ntpd:
在控制节点上执行:
“`bash
yum-yinstallntp
systemctlstartntpd
systemctlenablentpd
ntpdatentp1.aliyun.com
“`
OpenStack组件安装步骤
1、安装RabbitMQ:
在控制节点上执行:
“`bash
yuminstallrabbitmq-server-y
systemctlenablerabbitmq-server.service
systemctlstartrabbitmq-server.service
rabbitmqctladd_useropenstackRABBIT_PASS
rabbitmqctlset_permissionsopenstack".*"".*"".*"
rabbitmq-pluginsenablerabbitmq_management
“`
安装OpenStack客户端:
“`bash
yuminstallpython-openstackclientopenstack-selinux-y
“`
2、安装Etcd:
在控制节点上执行:
“`bash
yuminstalletcd-y
vi/etc/etcd/etcd.conf
#编辑配置文件…
systemctlenableetcd
systemctlstartetcd
“`
3、安装Memcached:
在控制节点上执行:
“`bash
yuminstallmemcachedpython-memcached-y
vi/etc/sysconfig/memcached
#添加OPTIONS="-l127.0.0.1,::1,controller"
systemctlenablememcached.service
systemctlstartmemcached.service
“`
4、安装MySQL:
在控制节点上执行:
“`bash
yuminstallmariadbmariadb-serverpython2-PyMySQL-y
systemctlenablemariadb.service
systemctlstartmariadb.service
mysql_secure_installation
“`
5、安装Keystone:
在控制节点上执行:
“`bash
yuminstallopenstack-keystonehttpdmod_wsgi-y
vi/etc/keystone/keystone.conf
#配置数据库连接信息…
systemctlenablehttpd.service
systemctlstarthttpd.service
systemctlenableopenstack-keystone.service
systemctlstartopenstack-keystone.service
“`
6、安装Glance:
在控制节点上执行:
“`bash
yuminstallopenstack-glancehttpdmod_wsgi-y
vi/etc/glance/glance-api.conf
#配置数据库连接信息…
systemctlenablehttpd.service
systemctlstarthttpd.service
systemctlenableopenstack-glance.service
systemctlstartopenstack-glance.service
“`
7、安装Placement:
在控制节点上执行:
“`bash
yuminstallopenstack-placementhttpdmod_wsgi-y
vi/etc/placement/placement.conf
#配置数据库连接信息…
systemctlenablehttpd.service
systemctlstarthttpd.service
systemctlenableopenstack-placement.service
systemctlstartopenstack-placement.service
“`
8、安装Nova:
在控制节点和计算节点上执行:
“`bash
yuminstallopenstack-novahttpdmod_wsgi-y
vi/etc/nova/nova.conf
#配置数据库连接信息…
systemctlenablehttpd.service
systemctlstarthttpd.service
systemctlenableopenstack-nova-api.service
systemctlstartopenstack-nova-api.service
systemctlenableopenstack-nova-scheduler.service
systemctlstartopenstack-nova-scheduler.service
systemctlenableopenstack-nova-conductor.service
systemctlstartopenstack-nova-conductor.service
“`
在计算节点上执行:
“`bash
vi/etc/nova/nova.conf
#配置数据库连接信息…
systemctlenablelibvirtd.service
systemctlstartlibvirtd.service
systemctlenableopenstack-nova-compute.service
systemctlstartopenstack-nova-compute.service
“`
9、安装Neutron:
在控制节点和计算节点上执行:
“`bash
yuminstallopenstack-neutronhttpdmod_wsgi-y
vi/etc/neutron/neutron.conf
#配置数据库连接信息…
systemctlenablehttpd.service
systemctlstarthttpd.service
systemctlenableneutron-server.service
systemctlstartneutron-server.service
systemctlenableneutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
systemctlstartneutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
systemctlenableneutron-dhcp-agent.service
systemctlstartneutron-dhcp-agent.service
systemctlenableneutron-metadata-agent.service
systemctlstartneutron-metadata-agent.service
“`
在计算节点上执行:
“`bash
vi/etc/neutron/neutron.conf
#配置数据库连接信息…
systemctlenableneutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
systemctlstartneutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
systemctlenableneutron-dhcp-agent.service
systemctlstartneutron-dhcp-agent.service
systemctlenableneutron-metadata-agent.service
systemctlstartneutron-metadata-agent.service
“`
10、安装Dashboard:
在控制节点上执行:
“`bash
yuminstallopenstack-dashboardhttpdmod_wsgi-y
vi/etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings.py
#配置数据库连接信息…
systemctlenablehttpd.service
systemctlstarthttpd.service
“`
11、安装Cinder:
在控制节点和计算节点上执行:
“`bash
yuminstallopenstack-cinderhttpdmod_wsgi-y
vi/etc/cinder/cinder.conf
#配置数据库连接信息…
systemctlenablehttpd.service
systemctlstarthttpd.service
systemctlenableopenstack-cinder.service
systemctlstartopenstack-cinder.service
“`
在计算节点上执行:
“`bash
vi/etc/cinder/cinder.conf
#配置数据库连接信息…
systemctlenableopenstack-cinder.service
systemctlstartopenstack-cinder.service
“`
相关问题与解答栏目
1、问题一:如果在安装过程中遇到RabbitMQ无法启动的问题,该如何解决?
解答:首先检查RabbitMQ的日志文件(通常位于/var/log/rabbitmq/
目录下),查看是否有任何错误信息,常见的问题包括配置文件错误、权限问题或端口冲突,确保配置文件中的路径和权限设置正确,并且RabbitMQ正在监听正确的端口,如果问题依旧存在,可以尝试重新安装RabbitMQ或查看官方文档和支持论坛以获取更多帮助。
2、问题二:如何在OpenStack中配置NTP服务以确保所有节点的时间同步?
解答:在控制节点上安装并配置NTP服务,在每个计算节点上将其NTP服务器指向控制节点,具体步骤如下:在控制节点上执行yuminstallntp-y
,编辑/etc/ntp.conf
文件,添加server<控制节点IP>iburst
并启动NTP服务,在每个计算节点上重复这些步骤,但将NTP服务器设置为控制节点的IP地址,重启所有节点上的NTP服务以应用更改。
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